Ezokwelapha Ngokuqinisa Umzimba
Sample subjective examination of a patient presenting with low back pain, structured around the ICF framework (PHTH145)
Note: The isiZulu text is provided as a teaching aid to support communication practice.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Good morning. Good afternoon. Please take a seat.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Sawubona. Ngicela uhlale phansi.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Thank you.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
How are you?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Unjani?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I am well, thank you.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngiyaphila,ngiyabonga.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
My name is [student name]. I am a physiotherapy student [student level and university] and I would like to ask you some questions about your condition so that I can understand your problem and plan how to examine and help you.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Igama lami ngingu-[igama lomfundi]. Ngingumfundi wezokwelapha ngokuqinisa umzimba (physiotherapy). Ngingathanda ukukubuza imibuzo emayelana nesimo sakho ukuze ngiqonde inkinga yakho futhi ngihlele ukuthi ngizokuhlola futhi ngikusize kanjani.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Ok, that is fine.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Kulungile.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Before we start, may I confirm your full name and check that you are happy for me to ask you these questions and examine you today?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale, ngingaqinisekisa igama lakho eligcwele futhi ngibheke ukuthi wenelisekile ukuthi ngikubuze le mibuzo futhi ngikuhlole namuhla?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, that is fine, you may continue.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, kulungile, ungaqhubeka.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Thank you. I will keep everything we discuss private and it will only be used to help plan your treatment.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga. Konke esizokukhuluma ngizokugcina kuyimfihlo futhi kuzosetshenziselwa ukuhlela ukwelashwa kwakho kuphela.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I understand.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngiyezwa.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Can you tell me, in your own words, what happened with you that led you here at the hospital (clinic)?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ungangitshela, ngamazwi akho, ukuthi kwenzakalani kuwena okukuholele ukuthi ube lapha esibhedlela (emtholampilo)?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I have pain in my lower back and it is difficult for me to move around. [note for students: the back pain condition is only an example, the patient should at this point explain what happened to them and the area that treatment]
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Nginezinhlungu eqolo futhi kunzima ukuthi ngizihambele. [abafundi kumele baqaphele ukuthi lesi simo sobuhlungu beqolo okukhulunywa ngaso lapha yisibonelo, isiguli siyochaza lokhu okuyinkinga kusona ngaleso sikhathi]
STUDENT
ENGLISH
When did this problem start? Did it come on suddenly or slowly over time?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Le nkinga iqale nini? Ize ngokushesha noma ize kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
It started slowly about two months ago.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Iqale kancane kancane cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili ezidlule.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Did anything happen, like a fall, an accident, or lifting something heavy, that may have caused this?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Kukhona okwenzekile, njengokuwa, ingozi, noma ukuphakamisa okusindayo, okungenzeka ngaphambi kokuthi uzwe lobu buhlungu/lezi zinlungu?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, I don’t remember any injury. It just started on its own.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, angikhumbuli ngilamala. Kwaziqalela.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Since it started, has the pain been getting better, getting worse, or staying the same?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Kusukela baqala, ubuhlungu buya ngokuncipha, buya ngikuqinisa, noma akushintshi?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
It has been getting worse.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Buya ngokuqinisa.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Have you had this kind of problem before?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Wake waba nale nkinga ngaphambilini?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, this is the first time.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, ngiyaqala ukuba nayo.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Have you seen a doctor about this, or had any X-rays, scans, or treatment already?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Uke wabonana nodokotela ngalokhu, noma uke wenza i-X-ray, i-scan, noma walashelwa lesi simo?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, I saw a doctor and I was given some tablets for the pain.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, ngabonana nodokotela futhi wanginika amaphilisi ezinhlungu.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Can you show me exactly where you feel the pain?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ungangikhombisa ukuthi izinhlungu uzizwa kuphi?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
It is here, in the middle of my lower back.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Zikhona lapha, phakathi nendawo komhlane
STUDENT
ENGLISH
How would you describe the pain? Is it sharp, dull, burning, or aching?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ungabuchaza kanjani ubuhlungu? Ingabe buyagwaza, ubuhlungu obuncane, buyashisa, noma buyaqaqamba?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
It is a dull ache most of the time, but sometimes it becomes sharp.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ubuhlungu obuncane isikhathi esiningi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi buyagwaza.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Does the pain move anywhere else, such as down your leg?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe ubuhlungu buyahamba buye kwenye indawo, njengokwehla ngomlenze?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, sometimes it goes down my right leg.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi bubuye behle ngezansi emlenzeni wami wangakwesokudla.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
What makes the pain worse?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yini edala kube buhlungu kakhulu?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Sitting for a long time and bending forward make it worse.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ukuhlala isikhathi eside nokugoba kwenza kube buhlungu kakhulu.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
What makes the pain better?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yini eyenza ubuhlungu bube ngcono?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Lying down and walking a little help.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ukulala phansi nokuhamba kancane kuyasiza.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
How is the pain during the day and at night? Does it wake you up while sleeping?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ubuhlungu bunjani emini nasebusuku? Buyakuvusa uma ulele?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
It is worse in the morning when I wake up, and it does wake me up sometimes at night.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Kuba kubi kakhulu ekuseni uma ngivuka, futhi buyangivusa ngezinye izikhathi ebusuku.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Do you feel any numbness, tingling, or weakness anywhere in your legs?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngabe uke uzwe indawo indikindiki, inenkwantshu, noma ubuthakathaka kube sengathi imilenze iphelelwa amandla:
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, I sometimes feel a tingling feeling in my right foot.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi ngizwa sengathi nginenkwantshu onyaweni lwami lwangakwesokudla.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Have you noticed any swelling, or any changes in the colour or temperature of your leg?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Uke wabona ukuvuvukala, noma ukushintsha kombala noma ukushisa komlenze wakho?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, I have not noticed anything like that.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, angikaboni lutho olunjalo.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Because of this pain, what activities have become difficult for you? For example, walking, standing, dressing, or bathing?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yiziphi izinto osekunzima ukuzenza ngenxa yalezi zinhlungu? Isibonelo, ukuhamba, ukuma, ukugqoka noma ukugeza?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
It is difficult for me to stand for a long time and to bend down to put on my shoes.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Kunzima ukuma isikhathi eside nokugoba uma ngigqoka izicathulo.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Do you use any walking aid, such as a stick or a frame?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe usebenzisa noma yisiphi isisekelo sokuhamba, njengodondolo noma i-frame?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, I don’t use anything, but sometimes I hold onto the wall.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, angisebenzisi lutho, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngibamba udonga.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
How has this problem affected your work, your family role, or things you enjoy doing, such as sport or church activities?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Le nkinga iwuphazamise kanjani umsebenzi wakho, indima yakho emndenini, noma izinto ozithandayo, njengemidlalo noma imisebenzi yasenkonzweni?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I work as a cleaner and it is now very hard for me to bend and lift things at work. I also cannot take a long walk to church.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngisebenza emakhishini futhi manje sekunzima kakhulu kimi ukugoba nokuphakamisa izinto emsebenzini. Angisakwazi nokuhamba isikhathi eside ngiye enkonzweni.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Tell me about your home. Are there any stairs, and how do you get to the clinic today?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngitshele ngekhaya lakho. Zikhona izitebhisi, nokuthi ufike kanjani emtholampilo namuhla?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
There are a few steps at the front of my house. I came here today by taxi.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Kukhona izitebhisi ezimmbalwa phambi kwendlu yami. Ngize ngetekisi namuhla.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Do you have anyone at home who can help and support you, such as family or a caregiver?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ukhona umuntu ekhaya ongakusiza futhi akweseke, njengelungu lomndeni noma umnakekeli?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, my daughter stays with me and she helps me with the housework.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, indodakazi yami ihlala nami futhi iyangisiza ngomsebenzi wasendlini.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Do you smoke or drink alcohol?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe uyabhema noma uphuza utshwala?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I do not smoke, or drink.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Angibhemi, futhi angiphuzi.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
What do you understand about your condition, and what do you think may have caused it?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yini oyiqondayo ngesimo sakho, futhi ucabanga ukuthi yini engase ibe yimbangela yalokhu?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I think it is because I lift heavy things at work every day.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngicabanga ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi ngiphakamisa izinto ezisindayo emsebenzini nsuku zonke.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Do you have any other medical conditions, such as diabetes, high blood pressure BP, or previous surgeries?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe unazo ezinye izifo, njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu i-BP, noma uke wahlinzwa ngaphambilini?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I have high blood pressure and I take tablets for it every day.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngine-BP futhi ngiphuza amaphilisi ayo nsuku zonke.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Are you currently taking any other medication?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe ikhona imithi oyiphuzayo?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Just the blood pressure tablets and the pain tablets the doctor gave me.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Amaphilisi e-BP namaphilisi ezinhlungu udokotela anginika wona.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
I need to ask you a few more important questions to make sure it is safe for me to examine you. Have you lost weight recently without trying to?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Kudingeka ngikubuze eminye imibuzo ebalulekile ukuze ngiqiniseke ukuthi kuphephile ukuthi ngikuhlole. Uke wehla emzimbeni ungalindele?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, my weight has stayed the same.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, isisindo sami asishintshile.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Do you have any numbness around your buttocks or private parts, or any difficulty controlling your bladder or bowels?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe kukhona ukuba ndikindiki ngasezinqeni noma ngasezithweni zangasese, noma ubunzima ekulawuleni isinye noma ukuzikhulula?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, I have not had any problems like that.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, angikaze ngibe nenkinga enjalo.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Do you have any fever, night sweats, or pain that wakes you up and is not relieved by rest?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe unomkhuhlane, ukujuluka ebusuku, noma ubuhlunguyo nobungapheli noma uphumula?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, I don’t have any of those.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, anginalutho kulokho.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Thank you, those answers are reassuring. Lastly, what would you most like to achieve from your physiotherapy treatment?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga, lezi zimpendulo ziyathembisa. Okokugcina engifisa ukukwazi, ngabe yini ofisa ifezeke ngokwelashwa kwakho nge-physiotherapy?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I would like to be able to work without pain and to play with my children again.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngingathanda ukukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kobuhlungu nokudlala nezingane zami futhi.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Thank you for sharing all of this with me. Just to make sure I understood correctly, you have had lower back pain for about two months, which is worse in the mornings and with sitting or bending, and sometimes moves down your right leg with tingling in your foot. Is that correct?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga ngokwabelana nami ngakho konke lokhu. Ukuze ngiqiniseke ukuthi ngizwe kahle, unezinhlungu eqolo ezaqala cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule, eziba zimbi kakhulu ekuseni, uma uhlale isikhathi eside noma ugoba, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zihamba ziye emlenzeni wakho wesokudla nokudikiza onyaweni. Ingabe ngichaze kahle?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, that is exactly right.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, kunjalo kanye.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Based on what you have told me, I am now going to do a physical examination of your back and leg to look more closely at your movement, strength, and the nerves in your leg.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngenxa yalokhu ongitshele khona, manje ngizohlola umzimba wakho emhlane nasemlenzeni ukuze ngiqaphele ukunyakaza kwakho, amandla, kanye nemizwa yakho emlenzeni.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Ok, thank you for explaining.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Kulungile, ngiyabonga ngokuchaza.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Did you understand everything I have asked you, and is there anything you would like to ask me before we continue?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ukuzwile konke engikubuzile, futhi ikhona into ongathanda ukungibuza yona ngaphambi kokuthi siqhubeke?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, I understood everything, thank you.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, ngizwile konke, ngiyabonga.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
Thank you so much for your time and for answering my questions so openly.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho nangokuphendula imibuzo yami ngokukhululeka.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Thank you. I hope this will help you to help me.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga. Ngithemba lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ungisize.
STUDENT
ENGLISH
I will now go ahead with the physical examination, and afterwards I will explain what I have found and what our treatment plan will be.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Manje ngizoqhubeka nokukuhlola, bese ngemuva kwalokho ngizochaza engikutholile nokuthi uhlelo lwethu lokwelapha luzoba yini.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Thank you, I am ready.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga, sengilungele.
