Movement assessment and rehabilitation terms in isiZulu.
Case scenario
Thabo is a 35-year-old recreational football player. He injured his right knee approximately three months ago. A doctor diagnosed a Grade II medial collateral ligament (MCL) sprain. After completing six weeks of physiotherapy, he was referred to a Biokineticist for progressive strengthening, functional rehabilitation and a safe return to football.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Good morning. Please take a seat.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Sawubona. Ngicela uhlale phansi.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Good morning. Thank you.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Sawubona. Ngiyabonga.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
I understand that your physiotherapist referred you to us for exercise rehabilitation. Is that correct?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi i-physiotherapist yakho ikudlulisele kithi ukuze uthole ukuvuselelwa ngokuzivocavoca. Ngabe kunjalo?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, that is correct.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, kunjalo.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Do you have the referral letter with you?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe unayo incwadi yokudluliselwa kwakho?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, here it is
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, nansi.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Thank you. May I read the referral letter and ask you some questions about your injury?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga. Ngingayifunda yini incwadi bese ngikubuza imibuzo ngokulimala kwakho?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, you may.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, ungakwenza
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Please explain how you injured your knee.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngicela ungichazele ukuthi walilimaza kanjani idolo lakho.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I injured it while playing football approximately three months ago.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngalimala ngidlala ibhola cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
What were you doing at the time of the injury?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Wawenzani ngesikhathi ulimala?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I was changing direction when my right foot remained on the ground and my knee moved inwards.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngangishintsha indlela engangigijima ngayo ngesikhathi unyawo lwami lwangakwesokudla lusala phansi, idolo langena ngaphakathi.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Which knee did you injure?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yiliphi idolo owalilimaza?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I injured my right knee.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngalimala idolo lami langakwesokudla.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
What did the doctor say was wrong with your knee?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Udokotela wathi yini eyayilimele edolweni lakho?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
The doctor said I had a Grade II medial collateral ligament sprain.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Udokotela wathi ngalimala umsipha ongaphakathi edolweni, obizwa nge-Grade II medial collateral ligament sprain.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Did you require an operation or any further medical investigations?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Kwadingeka yini ukuthi uhlinzwe noma wenziwe okunye ukuhlolwa?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
An X-ray was performed to rule out a fracture. I also had an MRI, which confirmed a Grade II MCL sprain. The MRI showed that my ACL and the other major structures in my knee were not injured. Therefore, the doctor said that I did not require an operation.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngenziwa i-X-ray ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi alikho ithambo eliphukile. Ngaphinde ngenza i-MRI, eyaqinisekisa ukuthi ngine-Grade II MCL sprain. I-MRI yakhombisa ukuthi i-ACL kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekile zedolo azilimalanga. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wathi angidingi ukuhlinzwa.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
What treatment have you received so far?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yikuphi ukwelashwa osukutholile kuze kube manje?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I attended physiotherapy for six weeks.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngithole ukwelashwa yi-physiotherapist emasontweni ayisithupha.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
What treatment and exercises did you receive during physiotherapy?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yikuphi ukwelashwa nezivivinyo owazithola ngesikhathi wenza i-physiotherapy?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
The physiotherapist helped to reduce the pain and swelling. I also performed exercises to improve my knee movement, strength and balance.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
I-physiotherapist yangisiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Ngangenza nokuzivocavoca ukuqeqesha ukunyakaza kwedolo, amandla nokulingana komzimba.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Has your knee improved since you started physiotherapy?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe idolo selingcono kusukela waqala i-physiotherapy?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes. The pain and swelling have improved, but my right leg still feels weak and sometimes unstable.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo. Izinhlungu nokuvuvukala sekungcono, kodwa umlenze wami wangakwesokudla usazwakala ubuthakathaka futhi kwesinye isikhathi uxega.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Where do you currently feel the pain? Please point to the painful area.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ubuzwa kuphi ubuhlungu njengamanje? Ngicela ukhombe indawo ebuhlungu.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I feel the pain on the inside of my right knee.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngibuzwa ngaphakathi edolweni lami langakwesokudla.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
On a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means no pain and 10 means the worst pain you can imagine, how would you rate your pain today?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Esikalini esisuka ku-0 kuya ku-10, lapho u-0 esho ukuthi abukho ubuhlungu, kanti u-10 esho ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu ongabucabanga, ungathi bungakanani ubuhlungu obuzwayo namuhla?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I would rate my pain as approximately 4 out of 10.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngingalinganisa ubuhlungu engibuzwayo cishe ngo-4 kokungu-10.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Which activities make the pain worse, and what helps to reduce it?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyenza ubuhlungu bube bukhulu, futhi yini esiza ukubunciphisa?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Running, climbing stairs, bending my knee fully and changing direction make it worse. Resting and applying ice help to reduce it.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ukugijima, ukwenyuka izitebhisi, ukugoba idolo ngokuphelele nokushintsha indlela kwenza ubuhlungu bube bukhulu. Ukuphumula nokubeka iqhwa kuyasiza ukubunciphisa.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Does the knee still swell, lock or feel unstable?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe idolo lisavuvukala, liyabhajwa noma lizwakala lixega?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
It sometimes swells after a long walk and feels unstable when I walk down the stairs, but it does not lock.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngezinye izikhathi liyavuvukala emva kokuhamba isikhathi eside futhi lizwakala lixega uma ngehla izitebhisi, kodwa alibhajwa.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Have you injured this knee before, or have you previously experienced any other serious injuries?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Wake walilimaza yini leli dolo ngaphambilini, noma wake waba nokunye ukulimala okukhulu?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I have not injured this knee before. I sprained my left ankle approximately five years ago, but it recovered completely
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Angikaze ngililimaze leli dolo ngaphambilini. Ngalimala iqakala langakwesobunxele cishe eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule, kodwa lalulama ngokuphelele.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Do you have any medical conditions, and are you currently taking any medication?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ingabe unazo izifo, futhi ikhona yini imithi oyisebenzisayo njengamanje?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I do not have any known medical conditions. I only use the pain medication prescribed by my doctor when necessary.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Anginazo izifo engizaziyo. Ngisebenzisa kuphela umuthi wezinhlungu engawunikwa udokotela uma kudingeka.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Before the injury, how physically active were you?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngaphambi kokulimala, wawuzivocavoca kangakanani?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I participated in football four times a week. I trained three times during the week and played a match on the weekend.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngangizibandakanya ebholeni kane ngesonto. Ngangiziqeqesha kathathu phakathi nesonto bese ngidlala umdlalo owodwa ngempelasonto.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
What activities are you still struggling to perform?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yimiphi imisebenzi osenobunzima ukuyenza?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I struggle with running, climbing and descending stairs, bending my knee fully and walking for a long time.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Nginenkinga yokugijima, ukwenyuka nokwehla izitebhisi, ukugoba idolo ngokuphelele nokuhamba isikhathi eside.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
What would you like to achieve through the rehabilitation programme?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Yini ongathanda ukuyizuza ngalolu hlelo lokuvuselelwa?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I want to strengthen my knee, perform my daily activities without pain and return to playing football safely.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngifuna ukuqinisa idolo, ngikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngaphandle kobuhlungu futhi ngibuyele ekudlaleni ibhola ngokuphepha.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
I would now like to assess your knee. I will examine the swelling, tenderness, range of motion and stability of the knee, including the MCL and ACL. I will also assess the strength of the muscles surrounding your knee and hip, your balance and your ability to perform functional movements such as squatting, stepping down and standing on one leg. Do I have your permission to continue?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Manje ngithanda ukuhlola idolo lakho. Ngizohlola ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu lapho lithintwa, ukunyakaza kanye nokuzinza kwedolo, okuhlanganisa i-MCL ne-ACL. Ngizophinde ngihlole amandla emisipha ezungeze idolo neyesinqe, ukulingana komzimba kanye nekhono lakho lokwenza ukunyakaza okufana nokugoba amadolo, ukwehla esitebhisini nokuma ngomlenze owodwa. Ngabe nginemvume yakho yokuthi siqhubeke?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Yes, you may continue
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Yebo, ungaqhubeka.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
The assessment shows that the movement of your knee has improved. However, the muscles of your right leg are still weaker, your balance is reduced and your knee moves slightly inwards when you squat or step down.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi ukunyakaza kwedolo sekungcono. Kodwa imisipha yomlenze wangakwesokudla isebuthakathaka, ukulingana komzimba kusephansi futhi idolo lingena kancane ngaphakathi uma ugoba noma wehla esitebhisini.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Does this mean that I am not ready to return to football?
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi angikakulungeli ukubuyela ebholeni?
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
You are not yet ready to return to full football participation. Your programme will focus on leg strength, balance, knee control and functional movements. As you improve, we will gradually introduce jogging, changing direction and football-specific exercises.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Awukakulungeli ukubuyela ngokugcwele ekudlaleni ibhola. Uhlelo lwakho luzogxila emandleni omlenze, ekulinganeni komzimba, ekulawuleni idolo nasekunyakazeni okujwayelekile. Uma usuthuthuka, sizofaka kancane kancane ukugijima, ukushintsha indlela kanye nezivivinyo ezihambisana nebhola.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I understand. I do not want to return too early and injure my knee again.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngiyezwa. Angifuni ukubuyela masinyane bese ngilimala futhi.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
I will show you exercises such as controlled sitting and standing, step-ups and supported single-leg balance. During these exercises, keep your knee aligned with your foot and do not allow it to move inwards.
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Ngizokukhombisa izivivinyo ezifana nokuhlala nokusukuma ngendlela elawulwayo, ukwenyukela esitebhisini nokuma ngomlenze owodwa usebenzisa into yokusekela. Ngesikhathi wenza lezi zivivinyo, gcina idolo liqondene nonyawo futhi ungalivumeli lingene ngaphakathi.
PATIENT
ENGLISH
Thank you. I will follow your instructions.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngiyabonga. Ngizolandela imiyalelo yakho.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
We will continue using the pain scale from 0 to 10. Stop exercising and inform me if you experience sharp or increasing pain, increased swelling or if the knee feels as though it is giving way. What will you do if you experience these symptoms?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Sizoqhubeka nokusebenzisa isikali sobuhlungu esisuka ku-0 kuya ku-10. Yeka ukuzivocavoca bese uyangitshela uma uzwa ubuhlungu obuhlaba noma obukhulayo, ukuvuvukala okukhulu noma uma idolo lizwakala lixega. Uzokwenzenjani uma uba nalezi zimpawu?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
I will stop exercising and inform you. I will not continue exercising through severe pain.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Ngizoyeka ukuzivocavoca bese ngiyakwazisa. Ngeke ngiqhubeke nokuzivocavoca uma ngizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu.
STUDENT/BIOKINETICIST
ENGLISH
Correct. Continue with the prescribed exercises, but do not begin running, changing direction quickly or playing football until you have been assessed and cleared. We will confirm your next appointment. Do you have any questions?
UMFUNDI
ISIZULU
Kulungile. Qhubeka nezivivinyo ozinikiwe, kodwa ungaqali ukugijima, ukushintsha indlela ngokushesha noma ukudlala ibhola kuze kube uyahlolwa futhi unikezwe imvume. Sizokuqinisekisa usuku lokubonana okulandelayo. Ingabe unayo imibuzo?
PATIENT
ENGLISH
No, I understand everything. Thank you for your assistance.
ISIGULI
ISIZULU
Cha, ngikuzwile konke. Ngiyabonga ngosizo lwakho.
